ANNOTATION: This document describes current US national fuel challenges in the context of increased renewable energy production. There is a description of the Congressionally created Biomass Research and Development Board's mandate: 'to coordinate programs within and among departments and agencies of the Federal Government for the purpose of promoting the use of bio-based fuels and bio-based products by (1) maximizing the benefits deriving from Federal grants and assistance; and (2) bringing coherence to Federal strategic planning.' The Board?s Action Plan is described in seven topical areas: sustainability, feedstock production, feedstock logistics, conversion science and technology, distribution infrastructure, blending, and environment, health and safety.