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Are Adverse Wildfire Impacts Persistent and Passed from Mother to Child?

UC Davis research conducted shows that primates exposed to wildfire smoke during infancy experience adverse lung and immune system changes as adults, and their unexposed offspring also have impaired immune responses. Please join us for a research seminar to hear an update on…
Person: Miller
Year: 2020
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): California
Keywords: wildfires, health effects, air pollution, respiratory health, climate change, smoke exposure, rhesus macaque monkey, long-term health effects, immune function, climate change

Forest fires and respiratory health fact sheet

Wildfires are an ongoing concern where there is dry, hot weather. During a wildfire, people throughout the surrounding area may suffer the effects of forest fire smoke. If you have respiratory problems such as asthma, emphysema and bronchitis or a chronic heart disease, we urge…
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: public health, respiratory protection

Machine learning models accurately model ozone exposure during wildfire events

Epidemiologists use prediction models to downscale (i.e., interpolate) air pollution exposure where monitoring data is insufficient. This study compares machine learning prediction models for ground-level ozone during wildfires, evaluating the predictive…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): California
Keywords: air pollution, exposure modelling, machine learning, O3 - ozone, wildfires

Air Quality and Healthy Hearts: Progress and Remaining Challenges

The U. S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Air and Energy National Research Program is working to assess the impact and improve our understanding of air pollution morbidity and mortality in vulnerable populations, including individuals with cardiovascular disease. …
Person: Cascio, Rappold, Ward-Caviness
Year: 2020
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Safety, Social Science
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air pollution, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, public health, wildfires, Clean Air Act, air quality, respiratory health, health effects, cardiovascular effects, socio-economics, cardiac arrest, heart failure

A review of the effects of wildfire smoke on the health and behavior of wildlife

Climate change is intensifying global wildfire activity, and people and wildlife are increasingly exposed to hazardous air pollution during large-scale smoke events. Although wildfire smoke is considered a growing risk to public health, few studies have…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: air quality, wildlife behavior, wildlife health, wildfire, health effects, wildlife movement, air pollution, conservation, climate change

Wildfire smoke and public health risk

Wildfire activity is predicted to increase with global climate change, resulting in longer fire seasons and larger areas burned. The emissions from fires are highly variable owing to differences in fuel, burning conditions and other external environmental factors. The smoke that…
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: forest fire, health impacts, Hg - mercury, PM - particulate matter, smoke production

How do Brazilian fires affect air pollution and public health?

Fires burning across the Amazon in the summer of 2019 attracted global attention for the widespread destruction of natural ecosystems and regional smoke production. Using a combination of satellite fire observations and atmospheric modeling, Nawaz and Henze (2020, https://doi.…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: public health, Brazil, air pollution, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, human health, health impacts

Mobilizing through dialogue: building interdisciplinary partnerships among forest health, wildland fire, and public health sectors to find solutions to address the impact of wildland fire smoke on communities

The impact of smoke from wildland fires on communities across the western United States is an interdisciplinary crisis that requires an interdisciplinary solution. There are increasing calls for cross-collaboration between forest, fire, air quality, and public health…
Person:
Year: 2023
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Outreach, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Safety, Social Science
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: public health, community health, wildfire, WHWG - Wildfires and Health working group, Washington, collaboration

The COVID-19-wildfire smoke paradox: reduced risk of all-cause mortality due to wildfire smoke in Colorado during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic

Background In 2020, the American West faced two competing challenges: the COVID-19 pandemic and the worst wildfire season on record. Several studies have investigated the impact of wildfire smoke (WFS) on COVID-19 morbidity and mortality, but little is known about how these two…
Person:
Year: 2023
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): Rocky Mountain
Keywords: COVID-19, wildfires, mortality, human health

Measuring acute pulmonary responses to occupational wildland fire smoke exposure using exhaled breath condensate

Wildland firefighters are directly exposed to elevated levels of wildland fire (WF) smoke. Although studies demonstrate WF smoke exposure is associated with lung function changes, few studies that use invasive sample collection methods have been conducted to…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Hazard and Risk, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: acute pulmonary response, exhaled breath condensate, inflammation, oxidative stress, wildland firefighters, smoke exposure

Wildland Fire Research to Protect Health and the Environment

Fires are increasing in frequency, size and intensity partly due to climate change and land management practices, yet there is limited knowledge of the impacts of smoke emissions - both short term and long term. EPA is using its expertise in air quality research to fill the gaps…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Website
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Aquatic, Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Monitoring and Inventory, Prescribed Fire, Safety, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, climate change, public health, smoke management, health impacts, wildfires, water supply, research, community protection

Sensitivity of population smoke exposure to fire locations in Equatorial Asia

High smoke concentrations in Equatorial Asia, primarily from land conversion to oil palm plantations, affect a densely populated region and represent a serious but poorly quantified air quality concern. Continued expansion of the oil palm industry is expected but the resulting…
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: season of fire, smoke effects, air quality, conservation, Sumatra, Asia, fire management, smoke management, peatlands, Equatorial Asia, adjoint, palm oil, conservation, population-exposure

The pyrohealth transition: how combustion emissions have shaped health through human history

Air pollution from landscape fires, domestic fires and fossil fuel combustion is recognized as the single most important global environmental risk factor for human mortality and is associated with a global burden of disease almost as large as that of tobacco smoking. The shift…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: smoke effects, wildfires, air quality, diseases, health factors, mortality, particulates, pollution, fire management, smoke management, landscape fire, air pollution, Epidemiological Transition, mortality, biomass smoke, particulate matter

Large mitigation potential of smoke PM2.5 in the US from human-ignited fires

Increasing fire activity and the associated degradation in air quality in the United States has been indirectly linked to human activity via climate change. In addition, direct attribution of fires to human activities may provide opportunities for near term smoke mitigation by…
Person:
Year: 2023
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): California, Eastern, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest
Keywords: PM2.5, PM - particulate matter, air quality, human ignitions, smoke exposure, human health

Assessment of the Air Quality Health Index (AQHI) and four alternate AQHI-Plus amendments for wildfire seasons in British Columbia

Objective: Wildfire smoke is an important source of air pollution associated with a range of cardiopulmonary health conditions. The Air Quality Health Index (AQHI) is the most widely used tool in Canada to communicate with the public about air…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Hazard and Risk, Outreach, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: Canada, British Columbia, air quality, asthma, AQHI - Air Quality Health Index, health risk, public health

Relationship between wildfire smoke and children’s respiratory health in the metropolitan cities of Central-Chile

Wildfire causes multiple problems for people living in cities. One of them is the deterioration of air quality as a result of wildfire smoke. This smoke can consequently have effects on human health. The present study aims to characterize the relationship…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: climate change, wildfires, Chile, air quality, children, public health, health risk, respiratory illness

Responding to simultaneous crises: communications and social norms of mask behavior during wildfires and COVID-19

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and the potential for co-occurring wildfires pose health threats to people around the globe. Along with the direct impacts of wildfires, exposure to fine particulate matter (PM 2.5)-pollution composed of small…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Safety
Region(s): California
Keywords: COVID-19, fine particulate matter, PM2.5, public health

The changing nature of wildfires: impacts on the health of the public

[from the text] The danger of catastrophic wildfires is increasing around the globe, with large fires occurring in Australia, Canada, Chile, Indonesia, Portugal, Russia, as well as in the United States over the past decade. A major driver globally is climate change, which is…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Hazard and Risk, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: climate change, fire frequency, public health, PM - particulate matter, respiratory disease, cardiovascular disease, wildfire smoke exposure, wildfires

Forest fire smoke exposures and out-of-hospital cardiac arrests in Melbourne, Australia: a case-crossover study

Background: Millions of people can potentially be exposed to smoke from forest fires, making this an important public health problem in many countries. Objective: In this study we aimed to measure the association between out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) and…
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire intensity, season of fire, smoke effects, wildfires, Australia, Victoria, health factors, fire management, American-Heart-Association, European-Resuscitation-Council, fine particulate matter, air pollution, Rate-Variability, Stroke-Foundation, Daily Mortality, bushfire smoke, biomass smoke, time series

Air pollution and health outcomes: evidence from Black Saturday bushfires in Australia

This paper presents new evidence of the causal effect of air pollution on Australian health outcomes, using the Black Saturday bushfires (BSB) in 2009 as a natural experiment. This event was one of the largest bushfires in Australian history and emitted…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: Australia, air pollution, Black Saturday Bushfire, public health, CO2 - carbon dioxide, health impacts

Exposure to stress and air pollution from bushfires during pregnancy: could epigenetic changes explain effects on the offspring?

Due to climate change, bushfires are becoming a more frequent and more severe phenomenon which contributes to poor health effects associated with air pollution. In pregnancy, environmental exposures can have lifelong consequences for the fetus,…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: wildfire, epigenetics, DNA methylation, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, asthma, pregnancy, Australia

Health Effects of Wildfire Smoke

AFSC fire ecologist Randi Jandt reviews the most recent evidence on how wildfire smoke affects human health, including the health of firefighters. From the Spring 2018 Alaska Fire Science Workshop.
Person: Jandt
Year: 2018
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: health effects, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, PM10, respirator, VOC - volatile organic carbon, CO - carbon monoxide, respiratory disease, air quality, firefighter safety

Community Tools and Resources: Ways to Mitigate the Adverse Health Impacts of Wildfire Smoke

The impact of wildland fire smoke on air quality and health is an issue growing in importance to many health officials across the country, as well as federal, state and local decision-makers. This webinar gives an overview of EPA’s tools and…
Person: Long
Year: 2019
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Mapping, Models, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, PM2.5, PM - particulate matter, public health, wildland fire, wildfire, EPA - Environmental Protection Agency, mitigation, air pollution, health risk

Developing an online tool for identifying at-risk populations to wildfire smoke hazards

Wildfire episodes pose a significant public health threat in the United States. Adverse health impacts associated with wildfires occur near the burn area as well as in places far downwind due to wildfire smoke exposures.…
Person:
Year: 2018
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Hazard and Risk, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: public health, PM - particulate matter, vulnerable populations, tool, population risk analysis

Assessing urban mortality from wildfires with a citizen science network

Assessment of exposure and mortality attributable to air pollution is one of the most important tasks to inform strategies for mitigation and prevention of the negative effects of degraded air quality. While the vast majority of studies rely on either satellite…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Safety
Region(s): California
Keywords: air quality, air pollution, mortality, human health, citizen science, exposure, low-cost air quality sensors