The increasing prevalence of wildfire and recognition of fire (both wildland and prescribed burns) and fire surrogates as management tools reflects a need to understand wildlife response to these management actions. Although there have been several reviews on the effects of fire on vertebrates (e.g., Smith, J. K., ed. 2000. Wildland fire in ecosystems: effects of fire on fauna. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-42-vol. 1; Kotliar, NB. Et. Al. 2002. Effects of fire and post-fire salvage logging on avain communities in conifer-dominated forests of the western United States. Studies in Avian Biology 25:49-64), a recent spate of published literature has greatly expanded our knowledge base. This information needs to be synthesized and interpreted in a manner that is useful for managers.